Introduction of “Optical Fiber loss”

In optical fiber installation, accurate measurement and calculation of optical fiber links is a very important step to verify the integrity of the network and ensure the performance of the network. The optical fiber will cause obvious signal loss (that is, optical fiber loss) due to light absorption and scattering, which will affect the reliability of optical transmission network. So how can we know the loss value on the fiber link? This article will teach you how to calculate losses in fiber optic links and how to judge the performance of fiber optic links.

Type of fiber loss: Fiber loss is also known as light attenuation, which refers to the amount of light loss between the transmitting end and the receiving end of the fiber. There are many reasons for optical fiber loss, such as optical fiber material absorption/scattering of light energy, bending loss, connector loss, etc.

To sum up, there are two main reasons for optical fiber loss: internal factors (that is, the inherent characteristics of optical fiber) and external factors (that is, caused by improper operation of optical fiber), which can be divided into intrinsic optical fiber loss and non-intrinsic optical fiber loss. The intrinsic fiber loss is a kind of inherent loss of fiber materials, which mainly includes absorption loss, dispersion loss and scattering loss caused by structural defects. The non-intrinsic fiber loss mainly includes welding loss, connector loss and bending loss.

Standards for Fiber Loss: The Telecommunications Industry Alliance (TIA) and the Electronic Industry Alliance (EIA) worked together to develop the EIA/TIA standard, which specifies the performance and transmission requirements of optical cables and connectors and is now widely accepted and used in the fiber optic industry. EIA/TIA standards specify that maximum attenuation is one of the most important parameters in fiber loss measurement. In fact, the maximum attenuation is the attenuation factor of the cable, in dB/km. The figure below shows the maximum attenuation of different types of cable in the EIA/TIA-568 specification standard.

Optical cable type Wavelength (nm) Maximum attenuation (dB/km) Minimum bandwidth (Mhz * Km) 50/125 multimode 8503.550013001.550062.5 mu m / 125 microns multimode 8503.516013001.5500 indoor single-mode optical fiber cable – 15501.0-13101.0 outdoor single-mode optical fiber cable – 15500.5-13100.5
Above is the general content introduction of Optical Fiber loss, I hope to help you in need.

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